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Alexander Fleming (Lochfield, August 6, 1881 – London, March 11, 1955) was a British biologist, botanist, physician, microbiologist and pharmacologist. Author of several works on bacteriology, immunology and chemotherapy, he became famous as the discoverer of the antimicrobial protein lysozyme, in 1923, and of penicillin, obtained from the fungus Penicillium notatum, in 1928, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 together with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain.